Understanding Patterns of HIV-Related Knowledge and Behaviors among People Living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa

Wenjuan Wang, ICF International
Soumya Alva, John Snow, Inc.
Shanxiao Wang, ICF International

This study uses data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and AIDS Indicator Surveys (AIS) in eight high HIV prevalence countries in sub-Saharan Africa to assess HIV-related knowledge and behaviors among people living with HIV (PLHIV). The results indicated poor level of comprehensive knowledge about AIDS among PLHIV. Prior HIV testing is positively associated with comprehensive knowledge about AIDS. Lesotho and Swaziland, where HIV prevalence rates are the highest in the region, have the highest levels of condom use. However, in four countries (Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia) more than 75 percent of men report that their most recent sex was unprotected. Being married or in a cohabitating relationship is significantly associated with lower levels of condom use. The level of recent HIV testing varies by country from 4% to 36%. In a few countries, we found women’s recent STI care is positively associated with their testing for HIV.