The Length and Characteristics of the Grandparent Phase of Life: Variation by Race/Ethnicity • Rachel Margolis, University of Western Ontario

Does Race Matter for Grandparent-Grandchild Relationships? Grandparent Closeness in the Multiracial Context • Sarah Schlabach, University of California, Los Angeles

Do Grandchildren Influence Retirement? The Presence of Grandchildren and the Geographical Distance between Grandparents and Grandchildren at Retirement Transition • Linda Kridahl, Stockholm University

You Can't Have Your Cake and Eat It Too: Does Grandparenting Reduce the Engagement in Social Activities? • Bruno Arpino, Universitat Pompeu Fabra ; Valeria Bordone, Wittgenstein Centre (IIASA, VID/ÖAW, WU)